Strategic Practices and Lessons Learned for Integrating Desalinated Seawater into Existing Systems

Ten SWRO facilities in seven countries were interviewed in on a number of topics covering conveyance, hydraulics, integration, blending strategies, water quality goals, post-treatment, corrosion control and lessons learned. The most significant findings were strategies for controlling bromide to minimize chloramine residual decay, the advantages of multiple compliance points for meeting water quality specifications, the variety of advance water quality and hydraulic studies conducted, the balance between the cost of two-pass RO and water quality and operational flexibility, and the potential benefits of in-reservoir vs. in-pipe blending.