Secondary membranes for backwash recovery: Establishing design criteria demonstrating performance expectations, and implementation

SECONDARY MEMBRANES FOR BACKWASH RECOVERY: ESTABLISHING DESIGN CRITERIA, DEMONSTRATING PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS, AND IMPLEMENTATION. The proposed SFWTP will incorporate a submerged ultrafiltration membrane system and will be operated using a siphon (without feed or filtrate pumps), enabling the new facility to utilize available topography for reduced energy consumption. This paper describes the project to date focusing on the unique design aspects of the siphons used on both the primary and secondary membranes, as well as the secondary membrane process.