High Recovery Brine Treatment Using FO

Paper considers the design, construction, commissioning, and piloting of a membrane brine concentrator (MBC) process for treatment of highly saline formation and frac-flowback water (collectively called produced water) from an unconventional natural gas plays in the Marcellus
shale and Permian basin. This study captures pilot operations covering the treatment of over 100,000 gallons of highly saline produced water and over 1,000 hours of operation. Product water generated by the MBC process met or exceeded surface water discharge standards
for the State of Pennsylvania.