Effects of Chloramines and Bromamines Residuals on RO Membranes in Potable Reuse

This paper will focus on brining an important issue of oxidative damage of RO membranes by the often overlooked bromamines residual that can form in waters containing high levels of bromide, such as municipal wastewater. The key issue for RO system operators and managers is understanding how the potential for the formation bromamines residual depends on the concentration and order of additional of sodium hypochlorite and amonia to form chloramines residual for control of biological fouling. The goal of this presentation is to inform industry of the challenges and provide insights on possible solutions to minimize oxidative damage by chloramines and bromamines oxidants.