Calcium Remineralization, Are There Limits?

The paper discusses work done for the City of Tarpon Springs, Florida Membrane Treatment Facilities and work done for the San Antonio Water System (SAWS) relative to augmentation of calcium in the finished water for stabilization and corrosion control. Extensive jar testing was performed for SAWS to determine the method and limits of calcium augmentation that could be achieved based upon a minimum calcium finished water target of 60 mg/L as CaCO3 with minimum turbidity. Liquid lime addition and lime saturators were evaluated for design of the full scale facilities. Information about dose versus turbidity, concentrated versus dilute lime solution addition and pre- and post carbon dioxide addition and reaction rates will be presented.